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Pottery IdentificationArticles of InterestThis page is to to be used to help sellers and collectors identify different types of pottery and ceramics. |
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Surface DecorationTransferwareA method of decoration that dates back to the early 1800's.It is a method whereby the pattern is "transferred" to the object by a piece of paper that carried the design from an engraved copper blank onto the pottery before the final firing and is an under glaze decoration. Most transferware is mono-chromatic, or in other words, different shades of one color. 
You will also find polychromatic, which means multi colored.
BlueWas the first color used in transferware and the most popular, but there are also several colors including mulberry, brown, black and green transfer. Blue WillowThe most popular and lasting pattern, as well as the most recognizable example of transferware. Flow BlueA type of transferware that has had chemicals added to the kiln during it's final glaze firing which causes the transfer decoration to run or flow. ChintzA very colorful type of transferware. Blue OnionIs another very popular pattern. It too was made in different variations by several factories and sometimes had hand painted accents.
MoriageA method of decoration that is often seen on Nippon that consists of a clay slip or paste applied over the glaze.It is a three dimensional decoration added by hand onto the body of a piece of pottery or ceramic. Many pieces such as this vase are sole techniques of the European pottery workers.  Decal DecorationIt may look like hand painting, but if you look really close, you will see the lack of brushstrokes and tiny dot pattern from the printing process. Many times decals are used in combination with hand painted accents or applied decoration.  Glaze DecorationsHand PaintedPottery may be hand painted before or after glazing.Painting done over glaze is generally referred to as cold painted. Lots of times, the glaze on a piece of pottery is the decoration. Many glazes have taken years of research to develop and are passed down from generation to generation. Some glazes and techniques have been lost and have proven impossible to duplicate. Here is an example of hand painting on pottery.  RakuAn ancient Japanese art of adding combustible materials such as straw, leaves or wood chips to earthenware during firing.Many times they, are decorated before or after glazing. This is an example of this technique.  Lustre or Luster WareMetallic oxide film applied after glazing and firing.It is fired again at a lower temperature to produce a pearly or metallic luster finish.  MajolicaA tin glazed earthenware noted for it's bright colors and three dimensional decoration.Handles, spouts, and feet are almost always an extension of the body decoration, such as the twig handle on this pitcher.  StonewarePottery that is fired at high temperature and is non-porous.The clay vitrifies during firing and does not absorb moisture. Most of the time a clear glaze is used because it shows the natural color of the pottery.  This stoneware crock has a salt glaze, that is achieved by tossing salt into the kiln during firing. This shows the orange peel texture of the salt glaze.  Blended GlazeThis a 1904 McCoy jardinière showing a great example of blended glaze decoration. Mottled GlazeThis is a good example of a mottled glaze. SgraffitoAlso called slip ware is a method of decorating pottery by cutting a design into a colored slip of clay to reveal the color of the underbody clay.The dark colored decoration on this plate is not paint, it is the dark redware clay of the body revealed by removing areas of the outer clay, or slip.  Rockingham Mottled GlazeThis glaze is generally referred to as Rockingham.Pottery of this type were made by dozens of manufacturers.  Other Stuff!Drip GlazeRefers to a different colored glaze dripping from the rim and often has a feathery edge. CreamwareA cream-colored earthenware with a transparent lead glaze which was developed in the 18th century.This pottery was refined enough to be considered a substitute for porcelain and was produced by numerous English potters beginning in the mid-18th century. It was decorated with molded decorations, painted enamels or transfer prints and its most successful manufacturer was Josiah Wedgwood, who marketed his products as Queensware.  BisqueFired, unglazed and unpainted clay.Many antique German Dolls were made of bisque.  JasperwareNoted for it's unglazed texture, it's color was achieved by adding metal oxides to the clay and the cameo relief decoration on the outside.The most popular and often seen color is blue.  Character JugsWhimsical and collectible pieces often referred to as Toby Jugs.The most well known were made by Royal Doulton, but many have been reproduced by other companies.  French FaienceThis plate is a good example of this technique by Quimper.
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All About Clay The best way of starting out is to take a few lessons. You will probably waste quite a bit in materials when you first get started. Figuring out how to truly make handmade pottery correctly and shape into what you want it to be can be quite an ordeal. The different tools that a normal shop will have can be fun to try. You will soon see which ones you like to use the most and then when you are ready you will know which ones to buy. When you get all set up, just enjoy the
hobby and have fun at it. Some people get pretty
serious and start selling their creations at craft
fairs and small stores, but others just like
to create items for themselves, relatives, and
friends. Whichever kind of handmade pottery you
desire to endeavor, enjoy the hobby and have
fun doing it. |
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Patriotic and Christian
Gifts, Russ Berrie,
Teddy Bears
from the Past Collection. Wonder mugs (Amazing how the colors change when adding hot liquid). Winter Hat and Scarf Sets, fleece warm and cozy. Holy Bears inspirational bears with a message for every occasion. Neckties of Silk by Eagle Wings, 100% Silk, with Patriotic and Christian Designs. Travel Blankets the perfect take-along for any outdoor activity. Outback Hats available in all canvas or canvas with navy under brim. |
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